Timeline of WLCH and Homelessness in DC


1984 → → present


November 1984 - DC voters overwhelmingly support Initiative 17, establishing a "right to shelter" in the District, the first statutory right to shelter in the nation

Summer 1985 - DC attorney David Crosland convenes the Ad Hoc Committee for the Homeless under the auspices of the DC Bar

December 1985 - First recruitment session for volunteer lawyers, held at the DC Bar.

1986 - Pro Bono lawyers begin to serve four pilot intake sites, supported by volunteers Gloria Flanagan and Faye Williams

Summer 1986 - DC Bar Foundation makes first grant to support the pilot project of the Ad Hoc Committee for the Homeless.  The DC Bar, through both Bar leadership (Judge Paul L. Friedman was then-President of the DC Bar) as well as its Office of Public Service Activities (now the DC Bar Pro Bono Program), lends its full support to the project

Fall 1986 -The project hires first staff person, Susie Sinclair-Smith, as coordinator

May 1987 - The pilot project becomes the Washington Legal Clinic for the Homeless, an independently incorporated non-profit organization.  Mental Health Law Project (now the Bazelon Center) served as fiscal sponsor until tax-exempt status was granted

1987 - DC Bar wins the Harrison Tweed Award for its role in launching WLCH

Fall 1987 - GULC students, led by Jeff Schwaber, hatch the idea to hold a basketball game pitting Members of Congress against Georgetown Law Faculty to raise money for a homeless charity

1987 - Legal Clinic moves from DC Bar PSA's office to space donated by Pettit & Martin

1987 - DC council passes law requiring that homeless families be sheltered in an apartment-style setting rather than in run-down motels (the "Crawford Legislation")

March 1988 - First Home Court game raises $42,000 for WLCH

1989 - Judge Harriet Taylor finds DC shelters to be "horrendous" and "virtual hell-holes" in Atchison vs. Barry, brought by Howrey & Simon

1990 - Shea & Gardner "adopts" the Legal Clinic from Pettit & Martin and provides office space to the growing program

June 1990 - Then-Mayor Marion Barry signs law repealing the District's Right to Shelter
July 1990 - Anti-homelessness activist Mitch Snyder dies

October 1990 - Judge Richard Levie finds the District's family shelter system out of compliance with DC law in Fountain vs. Barry, brought by O'Melveny & Myers

November 1990 - Advocates' attempt to reverse the repeal of the District's Right to Shelter fails when Referendum 005 lost by a 51% - 49% vote in the general election

December 1990 - Franklin vs. Barry is filed by Crowell & Moring, challenging the District's failure to process emergency food stamps in compliance with the law

1992 - WLCH joins with Hogan & Hartson in filing Little vs. Barry, challenging the District's scaling back of the General Public Assistance Program, which provided cash support to individuals with disabilities

April 1993 - WLCH receives a Commendation from President Clinton in his Volunteer Action Awards Program

1993 - WLCH vs. Kelly is filed by Howrey & Simon, challenging illegalities in the District's family shelter intake system and seeking to protect counsel's right of access to their clients

1993 - WLCH joins with Covington & Burling to file Pearson vs. Kelly, challenging the unlawful operation of the District's public housing program.

1993 - U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development announces the "DC Initiative," a partnership with the District government and local non-profit organizations to pilot the development of a "Continuum of Care" shelter system

November 1993 - WLCH issues "Cold, Harsh and Unending Resistance:  The District of Columbia Government's Hidden War Against its Poor and its Homeless," which chronicles the utter breakdown of government services and programs for low income DC residents.

November 1993 - Yetta Adams dies homeless in a bus shelter in front of the US Department of Housing and Urban Development

1994 - Judge Steffan Graae orders the DC public housing program placed into receivership (Pearson);  the District appeals

Summer 1994 - The Legal Clinic co-convenes advocates and service providers who unite to challenge unfair budget cuts in the wake of the District financial crisis.  This effort becomes the Fair Budget Coalition

August 1994 - The Community Partnership for the Prevention of Homelessness issues its Operational Plan for Year 1 of the DC Initiative

Late 1994 - The Legal Clinic testifies before Congress regarding the impact of DC's financial crisis on residents of DC who are homeless

1994 - WLCH helps to establish Campaign for New Community, a multi-faceted advocacy effort to break down the barriers created by neighborhood opposition to the siting of programs for people who are poor, homeless or disabled

1995 - Legal Clinic expands to include an outreach component and intensifies efforts to provide assistance during hypothermic conditions

1995 - Financial Control Board appointed to take over management of the District

1995 - Fair Budget Coalition and other community groups seek to have "Declaration of Emergency" in the District because of the shredded social safety net and palpable suffering of DC's low income residents

Spring 1995 - David Gilmore becomes receiver of the DC Housing Authority (Pearson)

1996 - District repeals local Emergency Assistance and General Public Assistance programs

Fall 1996 - The Legal Clinic expands our work with homeless families

December 1996 - Mental Health department placed into receivership

1997 - Legal Clinic convenes the Welfare Advocates Group to participate in, and monitor, welfare reform efforts in the District

1998 - District abolishes the Tenant Assistance Program, a locally-funded rent subsidy program serving low-income DC residents

1998 - DC Initiative ends; WLCH continues to push for reforms concerning the management of homeless services

1998 - WLCH begins training of Metropolitan Police recruits on issue of homelessness

1999 - WLCH and Fair Budget Coalition sponsor Campaign for a Just and Inclusive Community, whose Creed of Justice and Inclusion was adopted by 300+ community organizations and District residents

1999 - WLCH joins with Akin Gump to file Hackett vs. JMC Associates on behalf of more than 200 mental health consumers whose benefits had been stolen by a Department of Mental Health contractor

March 2000 - WLCH convenes advocates to challenge District's proposed condemnations of Columbia Heights apartment buildings housing low-income immigrants
June 2000 - Mayor Williams establishes Homeless Advisory Group

2000 - DC Housing Authority comes out of receivership

2000 - Legal Clinic launches a Welfare Hotline to provide assistance to recipients of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families

October 2000 - WLCH begins to publish and distribute "Listen Up," a monthly newsletter for our client community

December 2000 - Mayor Williams abandons Homeless Advisory Group and establishes Continuum of Care Work Group

December 23, 2000 - Jesus Blanco dies homeless on the street, just steps away from
La Casa Shelter

Fall 2002 - Legal Clinic establishes Affordable Housing Initiative to intensify efforts to preserve and expand affordable housing for the lowest income District residents

January 2003 - Mayor Williams abandons Continuum of Care Work Group and establishes a Focus Group on Access to Housing for Homeless and Very Low Income City Residents

2003 - Legal Clinic, along with So Others Might Eat, successfully co-leads community advocacy to establish the Interim Disability Assistance Program

2003 - Housing Production Trust Fund becomes vital tool for development of affordable housing for low-income DC residents

Fall 2003 - Legal Clinic expands advocacy on behalf of people with disabilities who seek access to shelter and housing

November 2003 - The Public Welfare Foundation provides a new home to the Legal Clinic, inviting us into their True Reformer Building in the Shaw neighborhood of DC

Spring 2004 - District government closes Gales Shelter; begins trend of siting shelters in remote locations towards the fringes of the city

Late 2004 - Agreement reached in Hackett vs. JMC Associates to compensate mental health consumers for theft of funds

December 2004 - DC Court of Appeals establishes the DC Access to Justice Commission to aid in breaking down the barriers that prevent low-income and isolated communities from accessing civil legal assistance

January 2005 - Mayor Williams issues "Homeless No More," his administration's 10 year plan to end homelessness

July 2005 - Mayor Williams signs into law the Homeless Services Reform Act, which revamps the legislative framework of the District's homeless shelter and services system, establishing an Interagency Council on Homelessness and setting out client rights and responsibilities as well as provider standards  

September 2005 - Legal Clinic joins with DC Bar Pro Bono Program and Hogan & Hartson to coordinate the Katrina Relief Clinic, to provide legal services to people who relocated to the District from the devastated Gulf Coast

Fall 2005 - Legal Clinic expands efforts to assist homeless children and youth; supports homeless parents' advocacy efforts as they form SASS (Self-Advocacy, Support and Solutions)

October 2005 - Then-Councilmember Fenty holds unprecedented hearing at DC Village family shelter to get feedback from residents on the quality of services and supports

Winter 2005 - District government closes Randall Shelter

2006 - Legal Clinic participates in Fair Budget Coalition and Affordable Housing Alliance's successful efforts to establish publicly-funded Emergency Assistance and Rent Supplement programs

Spring 2006 - District government renews threats to close Franklin Shelter

Summer 2006 - Residents of Franklin Shelter form the "Committee to Save Franklin Shelter" to oppose the scheduled closing of the facility

Fall 2006 - Legal Clinic expands our grass roots advocacy efforts to support our clients as they use their voices to speak in the public debates that impact their lives 

October 2006 - Deputy Mayor announces that Franklin will remain open and in the homeless services inventory

November/December 2006 - Legal Clinic co-convenes the Homelessness Work Group of the Fenty Transition team

December 2006 - WLCH co-leads coalition to advocate for greater accessibility to government services for people with disabilities; the Disability Rights Protection Act becomes law

January 2007 - Mayor Adrian Fenty declares that addressing the needs of people who are homeless is a top priority of his administration

2007- The Legal Clinic launches Permanent Supportive Housing Initiative advocating for the transition of the District of Columbia's homeless services system from one that emphasizes emergency shelter, to one that focuses on providing permanent supportive housing options for people who have struggled with homelessness.

December 10, 2008 - Justice Department makes settlement on housing accessibility after numerous complaints about the District's widespread violations of Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). The U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) entered into a settlement agreement with the District to improve the accessibility of emergency homeless shelters for people with disabilities. It is the first large-scale enforcement effort by DOJ in the nation intended to protect the civil rights of people experiencing homelessness.

2009- WLCH launches Veteran's Initiative which provides direct legal representation to Veteran's particularly in the areas of benefits and housing.

2010- WLCH expands Veteran's Initiative through partnership with the Legal Aid Society of DC, Arent Fox LLP and McDermott Will & Emery. The project will engage in outreach, client education, advice and representation.

 

• The Washington Legal Clinic for the Homeless • 1200 U Street, NW • Washington, DC 20009 • 202.328.5500 • www.legalclinic.org •